Adam de la Halle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Adam de la Halle - Essay Example Although his poetry is indicative of possible aspects of his life, it is impossible to distinguish what is art, what is fiction, and which of the different aspects reflect his life ad which reflect that of his patrons. He died in 1288 and it is estimated that he was in his late forties or early fifties at this time (Marshall and de la Halle). Le Jeu de Robin et Marion According to Dane, â€Å"Le Jeu de Robin et Marion is among the first secular vernacular dramas. It is in part a dramatization of the medieval lyric pastourelle (a quasi-dramatic lyric type involving an encounter between a knight and peasant)† (49). The piece was written in French and represents the social opposition in which the story of Robin Hood is most often thematically written. The presentation of the play is only available through hypotheticals, a given representation not having been passed down in history, although it is considered the historic example of the beginnings of the comic opera. The music is h ighly rhythmic and representative of medieval troubadour music. Fi maris The chanson is courtly music that is â€Å"about love, rather than love songs in any Romantic sense† (Marshall and de la Halle 3). ... He did not, like a Romantic poet, reach out for the universal from a basis of personal experience† (Marshall and de la Halle 4). Fi Maris is written to express a witty look at infidelity and is written in French. Its monophonic tone and rhythmic background with harmonic vocals supply the form of the piece. Je muir, je muir d’amourete Je muir, je muir d’amourete is a rondeau, meaning that it had a rigid structure in which the verse and the refrain are repeated, from which the poetic rhythm scheme can be translated as AbaAabAB. Formed from the monophonic traditions, this piece is a gentle and sentimental work that has a beautiful introduction. The repetition sets up a sense of the emotions of the work. It is in French, with a gentleness that brings forward a meaning that is beyond the lyrical translation. Works Cited Dane, Joseph A. Abstractions of Evidence in the Study of Manuscripts and Early Printed Books. Farnham, England: Ashgate Pub, 2009. Print. Fi Maris. You tube.com. 24 September 2010. Lumina Vocal Ensemble. 11 June 2011. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NnDZrJLJ2uk Je muir, je muir d’amourete. Youtube.com. 26 July 2010. Quellidelgiardino. 11 June 2011. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8MbPkdIppc Le Jeu de Robin et Marion. Youtube.com 17 May 2010. Cowboybepopp444. 11 June 2011. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n_ENI8s6tgY &feature=related Marshall, John H. and Adam de la Halle. The Chansons of Adam de la Halle. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1971. Print. Claudio Monteverdi Claudio Monteverdi was born in 1567 and died in 1643 and was a composer, singer, and musician playing the viola da gambe. His work can be considered for its transitional position between the Renaissance

Silvio Napoli Case Summary Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Silvio Napoli Summary - Case Study Example Being a general manger, he should understand the difference between being disciplined and over burdening and suffocating to the other team members and employees (Sullivan, 2013). Napoli needed to show Flexibility according to the culture and needs of the country in which he was trying to set up business. Schindler made the right choice in sending Napoli to India, as they wanted someone young and innovative in approach to be there as compared to a veteran, as they wanted him to take bold decisions. As Napoli himself recalls that it was an ideal opportunity, but not an ideal situation given to him to adapt and make a bright career for himself; â€Å"Mr. Napoli, if you fall on your face here you are finished! But if you succeed, you will have a very nice career† (Flagan, Yoshino & Bartlett, 2006). Napoli was young and energetic and knew the project from scratch. He had been conducting research into the Indian market and was also important in terms of social capital as he understood the market and prospects better, for he had travelled to India three times for the project (Flagan, Yoshino & Bartlett, 2006). Napoli even demonstrated inflexibility in the business plan when he did not leave room for any customization allowance leading to the major problem faced in terms of Indian market; where there was constant demand for customization (Flagan, Yoshino & Bartlett, 2006). He should have been flexible and insightful to change (Sullivan, 2013) and should have tried to find out why glass wall elevators were being ordered? Napoli demonstrated good managerial skills when he hired a local management team who were fully aware of the local business cultures and market; at the same time displaying that he had no faith in the choices they made (Sullivan, 2013) and got angry when they accepted an order for glass wall elevator. He should

From Mind to Supermind: A Statement of Aurobindonian Approach :: Philosophy Philosophical Papers

From "Mind" to "Supermind": A Statement of Aurobindonian Approach ABSTRACT: In contrast to Western theories of mind, Aurobindo’s theory is comprehensive and holistic. This theory derives from his ontology. With respect to mind, Aurobindo contends that evolution will not stop with homo sapien. Rather, he posits higher levels of consciousness: Higher Mind, Illumined Mind, Intuitive Mind, Overmind, and Supermind. Higher Mind is an intermediary between the Truth-light above and the human mind. Illumined Mind is Spiritual light. Intuitive Mind possesses swift revelatory vision and luminous insight. Overmind acts as an intermediary between Supermind and Intuitive Mind. Supermind contains the self-determining truths of Divine Consciousness; it is the Real-Idea inherent in all cosmic force and existence. The various concepts and theories of mind prevalent today have had their origin and development in the West. They can be classified as : Psycho-analytical (cf., Sigmund Freud, Karl Jung, A. Adler), Behavioural (cf., Gilbert Ryle), Gestalt (cf., Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, Wolfgang Kohler), Physiological (cf., J. J. C. Smart, U. T. Place, Feigl), Psycho-physical (cf., Karl Popper), Evolutionary (cf., Henry Bergson, Samuel Alexander, Whitehead), Functional (cf., R. Rorty, Peter Smith, O. R. Jones), and Mental or Homo Sapiens-oriented (cf., Roger Penrose). The outcome of all such discussions is that "mind" is mysterious and beyond all scientific explanation. According to the main contemporary view, in particular, `there is something essential in human understanding that is not possible to simulate by any computational means’. This indicates that the nature of mind continues to remain a source of acute discomfort to the Western thinkers. Even their new empirical findings regardin g the highly complex mental acitivity is dubious. The object of this paper is to submit that in this context of the West’s indecisiveness and perplexity, Aurobindo’s approach to mind comes as a breath of fresh air. Aurobindo’s theory of mind is as much "inclusive" of the essence of the Western schools of thinkers cited above, as it is "contrastive". The pioneers in this area from William James and McDougall through Freud, Jung and Adler etc, established the paradigm of the "iceberg" with reference to the nature of mind. This can be designated as the "infra-structural" theory of the entity. The views of the "evolutionists" (Darwin, Laplace, Bergson, S. Alexander, Whitehead, for instance,) are "different" but not "enriching". All of them fail to recognise that any infra-structure can, and must have, logically speaking, a "supra-structure" as well, in order to be complete and holistic.

Ocean Carriers Case Study Solution Essay

Executive Summary Given the current and expected market conditions, the financial department of the Ocean Carriers Group is to evaluate the potential revenues and expenses of commissioning a new capsize ship for cargo transportation in order to meet a received demand for lease. A recommended approach would consist in analyzing the expectations for the world economy, trends in world trade and potential contracts; however, an estimated time of service should be assigned in order to predict future cash flows. Summary of facts In January 2001, Mary Linn, vice president of Finance for Ocean Carriers, had to decide whether to accept an offered leasing contract for the duration of three years. In the event of acceptance of the above-mentioned contract, the profits of the company would depend on the agreed hire rates, operating costs, ship depreciation and inflation. After the closure of the contract, further income would be evaluated based on expected market daily hire rates. The conditions for the proposed lease are shown in exhibit 1. Statement of problem The duration of the leasing contract is quite short so the company has to analyze whether the investment as a whole will prove to be profitable even after the closure of the contract. In order to do so, they will have to take into account the fluctuations of the daily spot rates in the short and long terms, as well as existing differences in taxation policies within its offices in Hong Kong and in the United States. Last but not least, the company has to question the tenability of its 15-year policy. Analysis Spot hire rates Daily spot hire rates are predicted to fall in 2001 and 2002 due to an  increase in the fleet size (63 new vessels are scheduled for delivery) and expected stagnation in iron ore and coal shipments. Iron ore and coal imports are very important for the company because they are about 85% of the cargo it carries every year. Therefore, due to this future stagnation the company will face a weak market position, resulting in lower daily spot hire rates. Overall investment Despite negative market conditions in the upcoming 2 years, long-term prospects look much more promising. Iron ore vessel shipments are going to increase due to new players joining the iron ore industry: India and Australia. As a consequence, in this new global market, daily charter rates and spot daily charter rates will probably rise producing additional demand for shipments. Company’s 15-year policy The company used to scrap or sell ships just before their 15th year of navigation to avoid paying for maintenance expenses related to the 3rd special survey. According to our calculations presented in the Exhibit 2, scrapping the vessel before the 15th year is not recommended. Results show that the NPV of a ship after 15 years is higher than the scrap value of 5 million dollars. Thus, we advise the company to keep the ship longer than 15-year period, since operating the vessel over a longer period will earn additional profit and the ship can be scrapped some time later, granting the same million dollars. However, there are few factors that signal why company might be willing to get rid of the vessel. Firstly, if the company’s priority is to keep a young fleet of cargo ships, operating ships older than 15 years may not be the optimal choice. In fact, older ships are riskier and are less efficient. Secondly, due to low demand for older ships, leasing the same vessel in future might be an ineffective venture. Investment decision We computed two separate calculations for given two assumptions in Exhibit 2.  According to assumption A the company operates in United States, thus has to pay 35% of taxes, whilst according to assumption B, company operates in Hong Kong, and it’s exempt of taxes. Our calculations show that NPV in the first scenario is negative in both 2017 (-6,350,239) and 2027 (- 4,285,462) due to very high taxes, while in the second scenario the NPV is positive in both 2017 (1,719,018) and 2027 (4,025,600). It’s important to understand why we presented two columns for 2017. First column shows the numbers in the case of operating a vessel for 15 years, whilst second column shows the values in case ship was to be operated for a longer period. Another important fact to consider is that in the first scenario, when the company operates ship only for 15 years, we excluded the capital expenditure for 2017 related to the survey, Whilst, in the second scenario, while operating the ship for more than 15 years, we added the yearly capital expenditure back. We made an important assumption; we did not include capital expenditures linked to the last special survey, because we assumed that the company is scrapping the ship just before the special survey is conducted. Recommendations In conclusion, keeping in mind what we demonstrated before, the company should invest in the production of the new vessel only in Hong Kong and should not scrap it after 15 years, because its NPV will still be positive.

Crime Displacement Or Diffusion Of Benefits - 931 Words

Crime Displacement or Diffusion of Benefits? Definition of displacement and types of displacement Displacement is the response of offenders to the crime prevention strategies, especially the ones that block criminal opportunities (Barr and Pease, 1990; Eck, 1993). Besides the most intelligible displacement, the change in the location of crimes (spatial displacement), researchers proposed five other types of displacements, which are: temporal displacement, target (victim) displacement, method displacement, crime type displacement, and perpetrator (offender) displacement (Reppetto, 1976; Garbor, 1990; Barr and Pease, 1990; Eck, 1993). Table 1 shows these six forms of displacements and their distinctions, as well as examples. Table 1 Six Forms of Displacement ID Type Explanation Example 1 Spatial (Geographical) Crimes shifted from one location to another Robber saw police in one tract, so he/she decided to go to another tract to rob the pedestrian 2 Temporal Offender switched times Robber was unable to rob the pedestrian in the afternoon, so he/she committed the robbery at night 3 Target (Victim) Offender selected other target (victim) Unable to rob a group of people, robber robed one senior citizen 4 Method Offender changed the procedures Robber stopped using the knife and started to use the gun or fake gun to do the robbery 5 Crime Type Offender switched crime types Robber could not commit robbery, so he/she broke into the auto vehicles 6 Perpetrator (Offender) New offenderShow MoreRelatedCrime Displacement And Diffusion Of The United States1078 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract Crime displacement and diffusion is a major concern in the United States. 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Can We Stop Erosion From Destroying Our Beaches

Unfortunately for beach lovers and owners of high-priced beach-front homes, coastal erosion in any form is usually a one-way trip. Man-made techniques such as beach nourishment—whereby sand is dredged from offshore sources and deposited along otherwise vanishing beaches—may slow the process, but nothing short of global cooling or some other major geomorphic change will stop it altogether. Beach Erosion Not Simply â€Å"Shifting Sands† According to Stephen Leatherman (â€Å"Dr. Beach†) of the National Healthy Beaches Campaign, beach erosion is defined by the actual removal of sand from a beach to deeper water offshore or alongshore into inlets, tidal shoals and bays. Such erosion can result from any number of factors, including the simple inundation of the land by rising sea levels resulting from the melting of the polar ice caps. Beach Erosion is an Ongoing Problem Leatherman cites  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates that between 80 and 90 percent of the sandy beaches along America’s coastlines have been eroding for decades. In many of these cases, individual beaches may be losing only a few inches per year, but in some cases, the problem is much worse. The outer coast of Louisiana, which Leatherman refers to as â€Å"the erosion ‘hot spot’ of the U.S.,† is losing some 50 feet of beach every year. In 2016, Hurricane Matthew was particularly damaging to southeastern US beaches, damaging 42% of South Carolina beaches. According to the USGS, the damage was also widespread in Georgia and Florida, with 30 and 15% of beaches affected, respectively. The beaches across all of Floridas Flagler County were 30 feet narrower after the storm.   Is Global Warming Accelerating Beach Erosion? Of particular concern is the effect climate change has on beach erosion. The issue is not only the  sea level rise  but also increases the severity and the frequency of harsh storms, â€Å"While sea level rise sets the conditions for landward displacement of the shore, coastal storms supply the energy to do the ‘geologic work’ by moving the sand off and along the beach,† writes Leatherman on his DrBeach.org website. â€Å"Therefore, beaches are greatly influenced by the frequency and magnitude of storms along a particular shoreline.†Ã‚   What Can You Do Personally to Stop Beach Erosion? Not Much Besides collectively lowering our greenhouse gas emissions substantially, there is little that individuals—let alone coastal landowners—can do to stop beach erosion. Building a bulkhead or seawall along one or a few coastal properties may protect homes from damaging storm waves for a few years, but could end up doing more harm than good. â€Å"Bulkheads and seawalls may accelerate beach erosion by reflecting wave energy off the facing wall, impacting adjacent property owners as well,† writes Leatherman, adding that such structures along retreating shorelines eventually cause diminished beach width and even loss. Slowing or Stopping Beach Erosion is Possible, but Pricey Other larger scale techniques like beach nourishment may have better track records, at least in terms of slowing or delaying beach erosion but are expensive enough as to necessitate massive taxpayer expenditures. In the early 1980s, the city of Miami spent some $65 million adding sand to a 10-mile stretch of fast-eroding shoreline. Not only did the effort stave off erosion, it helped revitalize the tony South Beach neighborhood and rescue hotels, restaurants and shops there that cater to the rich and famous.

National Innovation Systems in Asian Countries Term Paper

Essays on National Innovation Systems in Asian Countries Term Paper The paper â€Å"National Innovation Systems in Asian Countries† is an impressive example of a term paper on social science. The concept of National Innovation Systems (NIS) has in recent decades been gaining increased intellectual and practical. This was preceded by NIS enjoying robust adoption in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and developed countries. More recent trends have seen it become a focus of heightened attention as a means of addressing some of the more intense issues in the developing countries (Feinson 2002, 14). According to Metcalfe (cited in OECD 1997, 10), NIS can be perceived as that set of distinct institutions which either through individual or joint efforts make robust contributions to the development and diffusion of new technologies which are key in the provision of a framework within which different governments formulate and implement policies to influence the innovation process. Thus, it is a system of interlinked insti tutions to create, store and transfer knowledge, skills, and antefacts which are central in defining new technologies. Despite the fact that there are a number of historical precursors to the NIS concept Lundvall (2002, 215) determined that its major background should be based on the necessities of policymakers and students of innovation, representing an evolutionary process encompassing observation with economic theory. After defining the concept of NIS, this paper will explore the different approaches to the creation of national innovation systems that were taken by various Asian countries.NIS in Asian countriesNIS has been successful in different Asian countries. This is based on the cognition of the fact that the innovation capacity of a country is a primary propeller behind its economic performance. In addition, it provides a measure of the institutional frameworks and support systems that are central in sustaining innovative activities (Hu Mathews, 2005, 1322). This paper wil l focus on several countries namely Japan, Korea, and China.NIS in JapanThe NIS element in the Japanese case was founded on three primary pillars. These are the central government and the role of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), social and educational innovations as well as the firms (keiretsu) (Marinova 1999, 1). In the case of the central government and MITI, these institutions have exhibited a robust commitment to the following issues.Firstly, this has been through long-term strategic goals. Marinova (1999, 1) noted that the economic and industrial transformation of Japan was subjected to careful designing and direction. Economic transformations after the devastating impacts of WWII were achieved and founded on a national consensus where the government played an integral role. The long-term plan was aimed at making Japan a country that is technologically advanced and self-reliant as well as being a leader in some carefully selected technologies. This goal was achieved in the 1980s.Secondly, there was the promotion of generic technologies, most notably communication and IT. In this case, the ‘invisible hand of the MITI’ was vital in molding the long-term economic future of Japan. In addition, it made judgments in regard to which specific technologies were imperative in the coming years (Marinova 1999, 1). Thirdly, there was technological forecasting where again MITI was mandated with the primary role of technology targeting and forecasting. This responsibility was and is still is performed in collaboration with the Science and Technology agency.